CULTURE DE SOJA AU BÉNIN : Une filière désormais au cœur des querelles politiques
![CULTURE DE SOJA AU BÉNIN : Une filière désormais au cœur des querelles politiques](https://lerural.bj/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/00000021.jpg)
Au Bénin, le paysage de la culture du soja, en tant que principale légumineuse désormais avec une part de plus de 45 % du volume total, s’est forgé soit même. C’est ce que l’on peut déduire en questionnant les faits et les chiffres et ce, tout en décernant un tableau de reconnaissance au gouvernement de la rupture qui a vite persuadé le potentiel.
![](https://lerural.bj/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/00000021-1024x655.jpg)
Jean-Baptiste HONTONNOU
Faut-il lui reconnaitre le mérite ? Évidemment que oui. La filière soja au Bénin s’est révélée elle-même. « Elle s’est imposée d’elle-même », comme le dirait Steev Adjaman, le Président de l’UNCPS sur le plateau de l’ORTB le 22 novembre dernier.
En réalité, si l’on remonte dans les années 2000, le soja ne faisait pas partie des filières prioritaires des gouvernements qui ont dirigé le Bénin. L’on ne peut en vouloir pour preuve que dans le plan stratégique de relance du secteur agricole adopté en octobre 2011, il avait été retenu 13 filières prioritaires. Et parmi ces dernières, il ne figurait pas la filière soja. En ce temps, la production de soja en 2009 était de 57 000 tonnes, ce qui représentait une valeur de 6,6 millions de dollars, d’après les données publiées dans une publication récente du secteur. Jusqu’en 2016, cette filière demeurait le parent pauvre du secteur agricole béninois. Aucun gouvernement ni parti politique, et certainement aucune organisation, nationale ou internationale soit-elle, n’apportait un soutien significatif à cette filière qui, aujourd’hui, fait la fierté du Bénin.
« Il s’agit en réalité d’une filière qui n’avait reçu aucun soutien de l’Etat ni d’une ONG, mais qui a quand-même su se révéler »,
martèle le Président de l’UNCPS.
Cette révélation de la filière soja est-elle du ressort de la rupture ?
Nul doute à ce sujet. Le gouvernement que dirige le président Patrice Talon depuis 2016 est l’acteur principal de l’essor effectif de la filière soja au Bénin. « C’est à partir de 2016, après la lutte acharnée de nos faitières, que l’État a compris qu’il s’agit d’une filière qu’il faut vraiment accompagner », fait savoir le Président Steev Adjaman. De façon concrète, en 2017, le volume en tonnes de production du soja est passé de 159 901 tonnes à 291 279 tonnes en 2021. Pour la saison 2022/2023, le Bénin anticipait une récolte de 327 000 tonnes de soja. Et en croire les dires du Président UNCPS-B,
« le rendement de cette année 2023 tourne autour de 610 000 tonnes déjà ».
Une avancée certes significative, mais qui a pu être effective grâce aux nombreuses subventions du gouvernement à l’endroit des producteurs. Il est primordial de noter que cela a été possible grâce aussi à la facilité d’accès au financement à travers le Fonds National du Développement Agricole (FNDA) et bien d’autres projets.
Ainsi, il convient de dire que la filière soja au Bénin s’est imposée soit même et ayant vite compris, le gouvernement de la rupture a accompagné la tendance pour la rendre compétitive avec les autres filières phares telles que le coton, l’anacarde, l’ananas etc. Pour finir, tout dernièrement, le gouvernement a pris quelques dispositions pour rendre plus facile aux producteurs la prochaine campagne de commercialisation du soja. Lesquelles dispositions font objet de récupération au sein des partis politiques, que ça soit de la mouvance ou de l’opposition. Mais, ce qu’il urge de retenir est que si la filière soja se porte de mieux en mieux de nos jours, c’est en majorité grâce aux luttes acharnées des producteurs eux-mêmes en collaboration avec les faitières nationales.
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